India
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| Population: | 1,095,351,995 (July 2006 est.) 1 |
|---|---|
| GDP (PPP): | $3.666 trillion (2005 est.) 1 |
| Petroleum – consumption – imports: – Gasoline to diesel ratio: | 2.32 million bbl/day (2003 est.) 1 2.09 million bbl/day 1 1:5 2 |
| Electricity – consumption – Main sources: | 519 billion kWh (2003)1 coal: 69.1%; oil: 5.4%; nuclear: 2.5%; gas:9.5%; renewable: 13.5% (.3% biomass)(2004) 3 |
| Renewable energy targets: | 10% of added electric power capacity during 2003–2012 (expected 10 GW); 15% of power capacity, 10% of oil consumption substituted by renewable fuels, and
100% use of solar hot water in all possible applications by 20324. |
| Ethanol – production: – target: – feedstocks: | 32741 bbl/day avg.2 5% in 9 states2 molasses2 (sugar by-product) |
| Biodiesel – production: – target – feedstocks: | 20% by 20122 jatropha, karanj2 |
| 1: CIA World Factbook; 2: An Assessment of the Biofuels Industry in India, UNCTAD) 3: IEA, 4:REN21 Renewables GSR 2006 P.8. | |
Information about biofuels and bioenergy in India.
- India, with the world's second largest population and rapidly growing economy, is increasingly looking to biofuels to meet its energy needs. India is currently the world's 4th largest producer of ethanol and is expanding their biodiesel industry. India also has long running projects using biogas. As well as a variety of of initiatives to use bioenergy to supply electricity, heat and light to isolated rural populations. (source: An Assessment of the Biofuels Industry in India, UNCTAD)
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Events
- 9-10 January 2008, Mumbai, India: 4th Energy Technologies Forum 2008 (Themes: sustainable energy)
- 7-8 February 2008, New Delhi, India: 5th International Biofuels Conference (PDF file). (Themes: biofuels)
- 5-7 June 2008, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India: Non-Edible Feedstocks for Biodiesel - Workshop and Fuel-Crop Plantation Visit. (Themes: biodiesel, oil crops)
- 9-11 June 2008, New Delhi, India: Biofuels Markets Asia - The Pan-Asian Meeting Place for the Biofuels Industry - (Themes: biofuels, jatropha, feedstocks).
- 17-19 September 2008, New Delhi, India. Algae Biofuel Summit 2008. (Themes: biofuels, algae)
- 4-7 February 2009, New Delhi, India: The 4th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture. (Themes: conservation, agriculture).
- 4-5 March 2009, New Delhi, India: VI International Conference in Bio-fuels organized by Winrock International India (Themes: bioethanol, biodiesel)
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News
- India to unveil bio-fuel policy in March , 1 February 2008 by Sify business, reports that India's government plans to issue a policy on biofuels in early March. The Biodiesel Industry Association says that "[F]armers are reluctant to undertake plantation of jatropha on a large scale to meet the feedstock requirement of bio-diesel plants in the absence of policy guidelines from the central government," and that facilities "are unable to run at their rated capacities due to feedstock shortage." Sources say that India has thirty million hectares of unused land that is suitable for jatropha and other crops for biofuels.
- India's Group of Ministers likely to resolve bio-diesel row this week, 21 May 2007 from the Financial Express. Indian Ministers are working out an agreement on India's National Bio-fuel Policy. The disagreement centers around funding for the jatropha biodiesel program as well as the minimum support price (MSP) for biofuel crops like jatropha and karanj.
- India plans new biofuel mission, 11 April 2007 from Monstersandcritics.com. India is planning a new biofuel plan with a focus on jatropha and karanj. The first phase would cover 400,000 ha and the second 11.2 million ha of land. There are challenges to implementation, including the reluctance of farmers to invest in a crop like jatropha that doesn't yield seeds until the third year.
- Grid-connected Biomass Gasifier Project inaugurated in rural India - 24 January 2007. Koratgere village residents, in Karnataka state, have signed a power purchase agreement with the state utility, BESCOM, to supply electricity generated by four biomass gasifier units totaling 500 kW. The fuel will be supplied by dry plant matter, from locally-cultivated plants and shrubs that are grown on wastelands. The project was partially funded by GEF.
- Jenbacher Biogas Engines Power Methane-to-Energy Plant in India, 28 February 2007 from Renewable Energy Access. "A GE Energy Jenbacher biogas engine is powering a demonstration cattle manure-methane cogeneration plant at a dairy complex in Punjab, India, helping to address the region's mounting energy and environmental needs."
- Reliance to sell biofuel 1 February 2007 from Earthtimes.org. Reliance Industries, a major energy company, will start selling jatropha biodiesel through its distribution network next year.
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Issues
- India's president has said that the country plans to produce 60 million tonnes of biodiesel per year by 2030 or roughly 1.2 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) per day. (source: biopact)
- Biofuel targets in India include for a 10% ethanol proportion of the national petrol (gasoline) supply and 10% biodiesel for diesel supplies. (Source: Biofuel crops: power to the dryland poor)
- India's food needs preclude using food crops for fuel. So the main candidate for bio-fuels are non-edible tree-oils, like jatropha and karanj, which can grow on marginal land.
- Go here for a comprehensive list of non-edible fuel-oil yielding plants in India, from the Botanical Garden of Indian Republic (BGIR).
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States
For information on bioenergy in the States and Union Territories of India, click here: India - States and Union Territories.
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International cooperation activities
- Commercialisation of Improved Biomass Fuels and Cooking Devices in India: Scale Up PROJECT (from ARTI website) - a project "to create sustainable rural enterprises based on clean biomass fuels and cooking systems, this project aims to reach out to rural households all over Maharashtra." The projects benefits include reduced indoor air pollution caused by use of traditional biofuels, through the use of compact biogas systems and charcoaling technology. This project is funded in part by the Shell Foundation, UK.
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Organizations
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Governmental organizations
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Nongovernmental organizations
- The Andhyodaya An Indian NGO that does ferro cement technology, rain water harvesting and biogas plants.
- Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI)
- Bharatiya Agro Industries Foundation (BAIF) Development Research Foundation - Rural development organization that is doing studies on the economic viability of jatropha cultivation for biofuel.
- Centre for Indian Bamboo Resource & Technology (CIBART) - "dedicated to the development of the Indian bamboo sector"; engaged in "project development and implementation, technical consultancy and turnkey services on all aspects of bamboo, working in partnership with rural people." [1]
- ICRISAT - International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. Conducts research into dryland crops, including those that can serve as feedstocks for biofuels.
- The Petroleum Conservation Research Association National Biofuel Center Website includes state by state details of biofuels plantations and projects in India.
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Companies
- Bharat Petroleum (BPCL) - According to the company website, as of January 2007, BPCL is "looking at ethanol investment opportunities in Brazil."[2]
- Sai Petrochemicals Pvt. Ltd. - Website of the Tech Director devoted to jatropha and biodiesel production and investment.
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Industry associations
- Biodiesel Association of India - industry association for the biodiesel industry.
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Reports
- An Assessment of the Biofuels Industry in India prepared by Joseph B. Gonsalves, UNCTAD, October 2006.
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Websites
- EthanolIndia.net - A page on the Indian ethanol industry, done by the sugar industry.
- Indic View - Blog on Alternate Energy and the Indian Infrastructure and Energy Scene.
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