France

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France
Population: 63,713,926[1]
GDP (PPP): $1.871 trillion (2006 est.)[1]
Petroleum
– consumption
– imports:
– Gasoline to diesel ratio:
1.97 mil bbl/day (2005)[1]
1.89 mil bbl/day (2005)[1]

???

Electricity
– consumption
– Main sources:
482.4 bil kWh (2005)[1]
 ???
Renewable energy targets:  ???
Ethanol
– production:
– target:
– feedstocks:
251 mil gallons (2006) [2]
7% biofuel blend by 2010[3]
 ???
Biodiesel
– production:
– target
– feedstocks:
147 mil gallons (2005)[4]
See ethanol target
 ???

Information about bioenergy in France.

Contents

Events

2009

2008

2007

Issues

  • According to an article by Reuters (Source),
"France has become one of the largest producers of biofuels in Europe after it set an ambitious policy that anticipates by two years the EU target on the blending of biofuels with standard fuels.
"To reach its incorporation objectives -- 7 percent of all fuels by 2010, and 10 percent by 2015 -- France put in place a system of quotas benefiting from reduced taxes in a bid to make them competitive compared to standard fuels.
"The policy prompted many companies to invest in the sector, building ethanol and biodiesel plants across the country."[1]

News

  • World Bank, European governments finance illegal timber exports from Madagascar, 11 January 2010 by WildMadagascar.org: "...France, Holland, Morocco, and the World Bank have all been implicated in financing illegal logging operations in Madagascar's national parks over the past year. Even as foreign governments condemned the surge in illegal logging last year, many--either directly or through institutions they support--are shareholders in the very banks that have financed the export of illegal lumber".
    • "With so much capital tied up in existing stock, timber traders have come to rely on banks to finance their exports and their ongoing logging operations." [2]
  • Weak oil and imports turn EU biofuel boom to gloom, 24 February 2009 by Reuters: "European euphoria over biofuel has ended after slumping oil prices and cheap imports battered the sector last year, while the credit crisis has made the outlook even gloomier."
    • "Many companies across the European Union have abandoned or halted biofuel projects and more damage will occur if oil prices do not rise significantly in 2009 and the bloc does not manage to protect its market, producers and analysts said."
    • "European producers of biodiesel -- by far the main biofuel made in the bloc -- also blamed their troubles on cheap subsidized imports, mainly from the United States."
    • These quickly became direct competitors for European makers, notably in France, Europe's second largest biofuel maker, where refiners must blend a fixed amount of the plant-based fuels to avoid paying a fine but do not have to buy the local product."[3]
  • French biofuel tax revision threatens jobs -makers, 30 September 2008 by Reuters/The Guardian: "Thousands of jobs could be lost in the French biofuel sector if the government's proposal to scrap tax advantages for the grain-made fuels by 2012 is adopted, ethanol makers said on Tuesday."
    • "'A vote for this proposal as it stands would rapidly lead to a collapse of the French bioethanol sector and the destruction of thousands of jobs,' the organisation of French ethanol producers SNPAA said in a statement."
    • "The lobby said ending the tax reductions would open the door to cheaper Brazilian ethanol imports and threaten the domestic industry, which has invested nearly 1 billion euros to build new plants."
    • "To reach its ambitious targets for blending biofuels with standard fuels -- 7 percent of all fuels by 2010, and 10 percent by 2015 -- France introduced quotas with reduced taxes in 2003 to make the products more competitive with standard fuels.
    • "Under the proposal, the tax breaks on oilseed-made biodiesel, and cereal- and sugar-based ethanol would be reduced by nearly 40 percent in January and then gradually reduced to zero by 2012."[4]
  • France plans to end biofuel tax breaks by 2012, 26 September 2008 by Reuters/The Guardian: "The French government said on Friday it will phase out tax breaks for biofuels by 2012, arguing that higher oil and grain prices have removed the need for fiscal support."
    • "But the size and timing of the cuts represents a setback for the biofuels sector as it faces mounting criticism over its environmental impact and contribution to rising food prices."
    • "The French authorities said their move was in keeping with Germany's decision to end a tax break for biofuels blended with standard fuels."[5]
  • France to review biofuel use on environment worries, 29 January 2008, by Reuters: "France is envisaging changing its policy on the use of biofuels after doubts were expressed on the environmental impact of so-called 'green fuels,' the Secretary of State for Environment said on Tuesday." In light of concerns regarding impacts on climate change and food prices, ADEME, France's environment and energy agency, is to review the nation's biofuel policies, with a view toward promoting second generation technologies.

Organizations

Governmental organizations

Nongovernmental organizations

Companies

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/fr.html
  2. ↑ Renewable Fuels Associaion
  3. ↑ modified from a table from the European Commission (2006) Presentation by Paul Hodson (DG Energy and Transport) to Conference “A sustainable path for biofuels”, 7 June 2006. Organised by Birdlife International, EEB and T&E, published in The EU Strategy on Biofuels: from field to fuel by the House of Lords European Union Committee, 20 November 2006
  4. ↑ F.O. Licht, "World - Biodiesel Production (tonnes)," table, World Ethanol and Biofuels Report, vol. 4, no. 16 (26 April 2006), p. 365. from Earthpolicy.org


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